What is Mach Number?
The Mach number is a dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound. In simpler terms, it measures how fast an object is moving relative to the speed of sound in the surrounding medium.
At standard conditions (sea level, 20°C or 68°F), the speed of sound is approximately 1,234.8 km/h (approx. 767 mph). This is defined as Mach 1.
- Subsonic: Below Mach 0.8
- Transonic: Mach 0.8 to 1.2
- Supersonic: Mach 1.2 to 5.0
- Hypersonic: Above Mach 5.0
Example: If a jet is flying at Mach 2.0:
2.0 × 1,234.8 km/h = 2,469.6 km/h
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